Christian-Muslim Relations 1500 - 1900
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Subject: Middle East and Islamic Studies
General Editors: David Thomas and John Chesworth
Associate Editors: John Azumah, Clinton Bennett, Lejla Demiri, Martha Frederiks, Stanisław Grodź, Andrew Newman, Douglas Pratt
Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online is a general history of relations between the two faiths as this is represented in works written by Christians and Muslims about the other and against the other. It covers all parts of the world in the period 1500-1914. Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online comprises thousands of comprehensive entries on individual works and their authors, together with introductory essays to the periods and areas covered, making it the fullest available source in this field.
Subscriptions: Brill.com
Associate Editors: John Azumah, Clinton Bennett, Lejla Demiri, Martha Frederiks, Stanisław Grodź, Andrew Newman, Douglas Pratt
Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online is a general history of relations between the two faiths as this is represented in works written by Christians and Muslims about the other and against the other. It covers all parts of the world in the period 1500-1914. Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online comprises thousands of comprehensive entries on individual works and their authors, together with introductory essays to the periods and areas covered, making it the fullest available source in this field.
Subscriptions: Brill.com
Nādir Shah
(768 words)
Nādir Shah Afshār; Tahmāsp Qulī Khān; Nāder Shah Date of Birth: November 1688 Place of Birth: Darrah Gaz, Khurāsān Date of Death: 20 June 1747 Place of Death: Qūchān, Khurāsān
BiographyNādir Shah Afshār was the founder of the Afshārid dynasty. Although he was on the throne for only 11 years (1736-47), he briefly conquered large parts of India and Central Asia. A Turkman tribesman from northern Khurāsān, by the late 1720s he had joined the army of Shāh Ṭahmāsp II (d. 1740), son of the previous Safavid ruler Shāh Sulṭān Ḥusayn (r. 1694-1722). Ṭahmāsp II was fighting several challengers,…
Nagrobek Osmanowi
(719 words)
Nagrobek Osmanowi 'The tombstone for Osman'
Fabian Birkowski Date: 1622 Original Language: Polish
Description Birkowski’s sermon on the death of Sultan Osman II (r. 1618-22),
Nagrobek Osmanowi (in full,
Nagrobek Osmanowi cesarzowi tureckiemu. W roku Pańskim 1622, maja 20, w oktawę Zesłania Ducha świętego, ‘The tombstone of Osman, Ottoman Emperor. Anno Domini 1622, 20 May, in the octave of Pentecost’), comes to about ten pages in standard printed editions. As preacher to the royal court, Birkowski covered the most recent issues in his se…
Nahatakut`iwn Grigori xostovanoł vkayin K`ristosi, or hasarakapēs koč‘i Loys Grigor, ełeloy i žamanaks Šah Sult‘an Hōsēyni, yami 1703
(2,148 words)
‘Martyrology of the confessor [and] martyr of Christ Grigor, widely known as ‘Light Grigor’ that occurred in the time of Shah Solt‘ān Ḥosayn in the year 1703’
Martyrology of Loys Grigor Date: Around 1703 Original Language: Armenian
Description
Nahatakut
‘iwn Grigori xostovanoł vkayin K
‘ristosi is by an unknown author. The original editor, Yarut‘iwn Tēr-Yovhaneanc‘, plausibly surmises that he may be identified as the Christian Armenian dressed in Muslim garb recorded in the text as being present with the martyr at the time of his death. T…
Nahatakut‘iwn nor vkayin K‘ristosi S. Sahakay Brutnec‘woy
(1,057 words)
‘Martyrology of Christ’s neomartyr St Sahak Brutnec‘i’
Step‘anos Kafayec‘i Date: 1714 Original Language: Armenian
Description
Nahatakut‘iwn nor vkayin K‘ristosi S. Sahakay Brutnec‘woy (‘Martyrology of Christ’s neomartyr St Sahak Brutnec‘i’) is eight pages long in the critical edition published in 1903. This is based on the first edition published in 1893 by Łewond Alishan, who does not provide details concerning the manuscript from which the work derives. The protagonist is described as a tall, handsome 17-year-old youth from the village of Brut (Buhrut) in t…
Nâmûs-i Musa yani Tevrat-ı şerif lisan-ı İbrânî’den Türk diline mütercem
(1,356 words)
‘The Law of Moses, namely the Noble Torah, translated from the Hebrew tongue into the Turkish language’
Wojciech Bobowski, Albertus Bobovius Leopolitanus, Ali Bey; Ali Ufkî, Ali Bey es-Santuri (‘the cymbalist’) Date: Between about 1662 and 1665 Original Language: Ottoman Turkish
Description
Nâmûs-i Musa is Bobovius’ Ottoman Turkish translation of the Old and New Testaments, as well as a collection of the Old Testament Apocrypha (apparently influenced by the sponsors of the Dutch Reformed Church; see Privratsky, ‘History of Turkish Bible …
Napoleon Bonaparte Wolfe
(135 words)
Date of Birth: 25 December 1823 Place of Birth: Columbia, Pennsylvania Date of Death: 17 June 1891 Place of Death: Unknown; buried in Columbia, Pennsylvania
Biography Little is known about the early life of Napoleon Wolfe. By the late 1850s he had established himself in Cincinnati, Ohio, as a physician who promoted the medicinal benefits of ‘inhalation’, the practice of inhaling the vapours of various chemicals. Throughout the next three decades, he published several works on this subject as a way to promote his medical …
Narrative of the captivity of John Vandike, who was taken by the Algierines, in 1791
(893 words)
Narrative-
John Vandike Date: Approximately 1797 Original Language: English
Description John Vandike’s
Narrative is a 30-page account of his captivity in Algiers (in full,
Narrative of the captivity of John Vandike, who was taken by the Algierines, in 1791: an account of his escape, bringing with him a beautiful young English lady, who was taken in 1790 ; the ill usage she received from her master. The whole in a letter to his brother in Amsterdam). The work is supposedly translated from Dutch into English by ‘Mr. James Howe of Holland’. It is framed as a letter to …
Nasīḥat al-Muslimīn wa-tadhkirat al-muʾminīn faḍāʾil al-jihād fī sabīl Allāh wa-karāmat al-mujāhidīn fī sabīl Allāh
(788 words)
‘Advice for Muslims and an admonition for believers on the virtue of jihad in the way of God and honouring those who wage jihad in the way of God’
ʿAbd al-Ṣamad al-Palimbānī Date: 1772 Original Language: Arabic
DescriptionThis work consists of seven chapters and a conclusion, with the chapter titles providing a clear insight into the content of the work, as follows: 1. The virtue of and instructions on jihad in the way of God; 2. Hadith reports on the virtue of jihad in the way of God; 3. The virtue of preparation for jihad in the way of God; 4. Hadith accounts on the virtue of…
Al-nāsikh wa-l-mansūkh fī l-Qurʾān
(236 words)
‘The abrogating and the abrogated in the Qur’an’
Makirdīj al-Kassīḥ ibn ʿAbdallāh al-Mukhallaʿ al-Armanī Date: Between 1690 and 1733 Original Language: Arabic
DescriptionAccording to Paul Sbath, who found a single copy of this treatise in the possession of the heirs of the Greek Catholic merchant Rizqallāh Bāsīl in Aleppo, this work comprised two parts, each of ten chapters. Sbath summarises the contents briefly as ‘the contradictions of the Qur’an and the wrong principle of the abrogating and the abrogated’. Nothing else is known about this work. The manuscript is presumed lost.
Sign…
Naʿt al-Nabī Muḥammad ʿalayhi l-salām fī l-Injīl
(667 words)
Risāla fī bayān taḥrīf al-Yahūd wa-l-Naṣārā; 'Description of the Prophet Muḥammad, peace be upon him, in the Gospel''Treatise in explanation of scriptural alteration by the Jews and the Christians’;
İncilî; Ali ibn el-Yunânî Date: Early 18th century Original Language: Arabic
DescriptionThis is a Muslim polemical treatise against Christianity from the early 18th century. Derviş Ali states that he composed it in order to explain ambiguous expressions in the Gospel and to add Sufi terminology to it. He notes that he studied the Gospel, Torah and Ps…
Nauigation and vyages
(1,232 words)
Nauigation and vyages-
Richard Eden Date: 1576 Original Language: English
Description Eden completed his translation of the Latin version of Ludovico di Varthema’s (c. 1470-1517) account of his travels in Arabia, then to India and further east, just before his death in 1576. The Italian version,
Itinerario de Ludouico de Varthema bolognese, appeared in 1510, the Latin in 1511. Eden’s translation was published posthumously in
The historie of travayle into the West and East Indies, the 1577 enlarged version of his
Decades of the New Worlde (1555), where it comprises pages 354-421.…
Naukeurige beschrijvinge van ...
(2,738 words)
‘An accurate description of...’
Olfert Dapper Date: 1668-88 Original Language: Dutch
Description Olfert Dapper was a prolific writer of books on ‘foreign parts’, although he never travelled outside The Netherlands. His books are compilations of materials gathered from a variety of sources, such as travelogues, letters and interviews. Between 1668 and 1688, he published a series of eight volumes, all beginning with
Naukeurige
beschrijvinge
van ... (‘An accurate description of …’). Dapper started his series with a description of mainland Africa and the Africa…
Nauwkeurige en waarachtige ontdekking en wederlegginge van de Afgoderye der Oost-Indische heydenen
(904 words)
‘An accurate and truthful discovery and refutation of the Gentiles of the East Indies’
Philippus Baldaeus Date: 1672 Original Language: Dutch
Description In one volume Baldaeus includes four sections: a description of Malabar, a description of Ceylon, a dictionary and grammar of Malabar, and a refutation of non-Christian faiths. Each of these is numbered separately in the Dutch volume, while the German translation of 1672 numbers them consecutively as one work. In the first section of
Nauwkeurige beschrijvinge van Malabar (190 pages, including many maps and pictures) Bald…
Navigatione de Lisbona a Callichut
(1,313 words)
Navigatione de Lisbona a Callichut‘Voyage from Lisbon to Calicut’
Navigatione de Lisbona a Callichut Date: Early 16th century Original Language: Italian
Description In 1500, Manuel I, King of Portugal, commissioned a fleet of 12 ships to be sent to India and East Africa. The expedition was to be led by Pedro Álvares Cabral and included some Franciscan friars and clergy, who were to remain in India. The king instructed Cabral to build a factory in Calicut, to establish relations with Christian kingdoms in India and to…
Nea synopsis diaphorōn historiōn archomenē apo ktiseōs kosmou kai lēgousa heōs tē nyn echronia
(2,533 words)
‘New synopsis of diverse histories from the creation of the world to the present’
Tzigalas, Sigalas, Cigalas Date: 1637 Original Language: Greek (vernacular)
Description Matthaios Kigalas’s
Nea synopsis diaphorōn historiōn was published in Venice, at the printing house of Antonios Ioulianos from Ioannina, in 1637, with a second edition in 1650, under the full title
Nea synopsis diaphorōn historiōn archomenē apo ktiseōs kosmou kai lēgousa heōs tē nyn echronia. Periechei de eti kai tēn halōsin tēs Konstantinoupoleōs, metagegrammenē apo tēn Tourcogr…
Nederlandsch-Indisch Plakaatboek
(26 words)
Date of Birth: Place of Birth: Date of Death: Place of Death:
Biography
Primary Sources of Information
Secondary Sources of Information
Works on Christian-Muslim RelationsNederlandsch-Indisch PlakaatboekKarel Steenbrink
Nederlandsch-Indisch Plakaatboek
(1,692 words)
Compendium of decrees by the Government of the Dutch East Indies
Nederlandsch-Indisch Plakaatboek Date: 17th/18th century Original Language: Dutch
DescriptionAfter exploratory trips to Asia between 1595 and 1600, traders in the young Dutch Republic established the VOC (
Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie; Dutch East India Company). The VOC built, or captured from the Portuguese, fortifications along the route, or in key locations, for the spice trade from Arabia and India to the Malay Archipelago. Jan Pieterszoon Coen and his Dutch fo…
Nektarios of Jerusalem
(978 words)
Nektarios, Patriarchēs Hierousalēm, Nektarios Hierosolymōn, Nectarius, Patriarcha Hierosolymitanus, Nectarius Hierosolymitanus, Nektarios Sinaitēs, Pelopidēs, Nektarios, Polypodēs, Nektarios Date of Birth: 1602 Place of Birth: Near Chandax, Crete Date of Death: 14 July 1676 Place of Death: Jerusalem
Biography Nektarios of Jerusalem was born in Venetian Crete (Karamanidou,
Nektariou homiliarion, pp. 21-5) under the secular name of Nikolaos Pelopidēs. He attended the School of the Metochion of the Monastery of St Catherine at Mt Sinai, situate…
Nersēs Mokac‘i
(422 words)
Date of Birth: Around 1575 Place of Birth: Asknǰaws village, Mokk (south of Lake Van) Date of Death: 1625 Place of Death: Lim island, Lake Van
Biography Nersēs received his elementary education from his paternal uncle, the
vardapet Hayrapet, after which he continued his studies in philosophy and theology with Barseł Gawaṙac‘i at Amrdolu Monastery near Bałēš (Bitlis), which at the time was a thriving centre of higher learning. While on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1609, he received from his teacher the staff that symbolised his abil…
Nestore Martinengo
(479 words)
Biography Nestore Martinengo was born into a noble family around 1547 or 1548 in Brescia, which was part of the mainland territories of the Venetian Republic. Nestore followed his father into a military career. Nestore’s family reflects the religious and political currents that prevailed in late-16th-century Europe. His sister married a colonel in the imperial army, one brother (together with his mother) converted to Calvinism and became a pastor, while another became Abbot of Leno and distinguished himself in the Roman Church as the author of religious works. When he was about 20,…